Across the United States, coastal communities are grappling with crumbling infrastructure, flooded businesses, and overflowing sewers as a result of climate change-induced sea-level rise. The value of property threatened by sea-level rise around the San Francisco Bay is particularly high. Published in 1990, this study presents useful methods for assessing the potential costs of protecting against sea-level rise. The report applies this method to the San Francisco Bay Area, exploring structural options and costs for protecting property in threatened areas.

Tool: Figure 8. Area of San Francisco Bay Threatened by a 1-meter Sea-Level Rise: Northern Portion